Training System Research Articles

Auditory discrimination learning differentially modulates neural representation in auditory cortex subregions and interareal connectivity

Changes in sound-evoked responses in the auditory cortex (ACtx) occur during learning, but how learning alters neural responses in different ACtx subregions and changes their interactions is unclear. To address these questions, we developed an automated training and widefield imaging system to longitudinally track the neural activity of all mouse ACtx subregions during a tone discrimination task. We find that responses in primary ACtx are highly informative of learned stimuli and behavioral outcomes throughout training. In contrast, representations of behavioral outcomes in the dorsal posterior auditory field, learned stimuli in the dorsal anterior auditory field, and inter-regional correlations between primary and higher-order areas are enhanced with training. Moreover, ACtx response changes vary between stimuli, and such differences display lag synchronization with the learning rate. These results indicate that learning alters functional connections between ACtx subregions, inducing region-specific modulations by propagating behavioral information from primary to higher-order areas.

A Comparison of Training and Dispatch Criteria for Security Personnel in 119 Domestic and Overseas General Situation Rooms

This study proposes an efficient way to strengthen work capabilities based on a comparison of the education and training of guard personnel before and after their deployment in the 119 Emergency Operations Center, which is in charge of elementary responses to various disasters and accidents, with that given to advanced foreign situation personnel. Only one area of Gyeonggi-do Province was identified in an internal document on personnel standards for moving into the situation room in Korea, and it was found that most of the situation room agents were used for situation room work through the informal OJT training of senior members of each city and provincial headquarters before deployment. Japan, like Korea, is organized into several prefectures and operates the same Emergency Operations Center or Joint Command Center. However, the most distinctive feature of the Japanese system with respect to Korea is that situation room agents are employed in the day-to-day operations of the command center after education with systematic and clear contents before being put into the work of the Emergency Operations Center. Similarly, the United States comprises 50 states, each with its own laws and emergency management systems. However, the federal government actively controls disaster safety and establishes and operates regulations by state, and each state has education and training, certification standards, and supplementary education regulations for existing agents. In Germany, there is a specific system of vocational education and training to become a worker in the Emergency Operations Center, and the curricula in vocational schools for security personnel, as well as the admission requirements and professional qualifications, are specified by the government.

The Mediating Effect of Job Satisfaction in the Relationship between Work-Life Balance and Quality of Life in Hairdresser

This study verified the mediating effect of job satisfaction in the relationship between work-life balance and quality of life of hair beauty workers. From January 20 to February 21, 2023, 250 questionnaires were distributed and collected to hair beauty workers in Daegu, Gyeongbuk, Seoul, Gyeonggi, Busan, and Gyeongnam regions. A total of 219 copies, excluding insincere responses, were used for analysis. SPSS 26.0K was used for data analysis. Descriptive statistics, t-test, one-way batch variance analysis, and correlation analysis were performed. Process macro model No. 4 was used for mediating analysis. As a result of the study, work-life balance has a significant positive(+) effect on job satisfaction (B=.58, t=13.28, p<.000), Job satisfaction had a significant positive(+) effect on the quality of life (B=.40, t=6.09, p<.000). The total effect of work-life balance on quality of life was B=.92 (p<.000), but the direct effect was reduced to B=.69 (p<.000) due to the input of job satisfaction, so it was verified that job satisfaction was mediated. In order to improve the quality of life of hair care workers, the quality of life can be further improved by increasing job satisfaction along with work-life balance. Therefore, industrial companies must provide job training and various welfare systems to increase the job satisfaction of employees.

Online Training and Placement System

Abstract: This system makes it very easy for students to register, and the placement officer can easily access their information. This system enables eligible students to easily get admission. The number of students who have been placed will be shown through various articles. This system helps the college keep records of current and past student registrations. The placement officer prepares schedules for all placement-related activities. The company provides a list of eligible students who are automatically notified. Students, TNP employees, and TPOs receive the necessary information. All students who have registered are eligible for this system

The contribution of plyometric exercises assisted by sensory technology on vertical jump parameters in U15 female volleyball players

Background and Study Aim. Volleyball requires high vertical jump skills for crucial actions like attacking and blocking, making jump training a focus for players, especially in youth categories. The main goal of the study was to highlight (with some specific data) the strengths and weaknesses of integrating sensory technology into the physical training program, during the entire competitive period. Material and Methods. The study included both an experimental and a control group, each consisting of 16 female athletes from the volleyball section of the Cetate Sports High School in Deva. During the competitive season of 2022/2023, both groups underwent daily training sessions from Monday to Saturday, totaling 120 minutes per day. The BlazePod Flash Reflex Training system was employed in this research. It integrates cognitive training to enhance thinking speed and clarity with physical exercises aimed at maximizing motor skills. Performance evaluations of the athletes utilized eight predefined tests from the OptoJump Next optical measuring system and the Myotest accelerometric system. To analyze the data, paired (dependent) sample t-tests were conducted to compare average parameters between matched samples. Repeated measures ANOVA was utilized to compare the average outcomes, ensuring the participants were consistent across the evaluated conditions. Results. The experimental group showed significant improvements in the height reached from the center of gravity and flight time for the following tests: Countermovement Jump, Countermovement Jump with Arm Swing, Squat Jump, Squat Jump with Arm Swing, and Drop Jump from 30 cm. All improvements reached statistical significance: p<0.05. Significant enhancements were also observed in average jump height, jump power, force of jumps, and ascensional speed, demonstrating statistical significance (p<0.05). Furthermore, the use of an arm swing during jumps notably improved performance compared to when jumps were performed with hands on hips. This indicates that an arm swing can significantly increase the height of the vertical jump (p<0.05). Conclusions. The study confirms that the integration of sensory technology into the training programs for junior volleyball teams is effective in enhancing training outcomes. This approach not only improves the vertical jump capabilities of young athletes but also positively affects their ability to perform technical moves that require elevation from the ground. It underscores the potential of innovative training methods in advancing athletic performance in youth sports.

Construction of Training Curriculum System for Venous Thromboembolism (VTE) Liaison Nurses

Objective To construct a training curriculum system for venous thromboembolism (VTE) liaison nurses and provide a basis for corresponding clinical training, evaluation and certification. Methods Analyzed the training needs of VTE liaison nurses. Conducted two rounds of Delphi surveys with 27 experts from Hubei, Sichuan, Guizhou, Guangxi and Guangdong provinces in China. Determined the weights of indicators at all levels using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and equal weighting method. Results The age of the participants ranged from 38~59 (46.63±5.343), and the years of working ranged from 12~42 (25.48±7.439). 27 and 26 valid questionnaires were collected respectively from the first and second rounds of the surveys. The effective response rates of the two-round Delphi survey were 90.0% and 96.3%, respectively, and the experts’ authoritative coefficients were 0.884 and 0.906, respectively, and Kendall’s coefficient of concordance of experts’ opinions were 0.261 and 0.276, respectively (P <0.01). A training system with 5 first-level indicators and 26 second-level indicators was finally formed after two rounds of Delphi surveys. Conclusions The training system for VTE liaison nurses constructed in this study is highly scientific and practical, which can provide a basis for the training assessment and ability evaluation of VTE liaison nurses, and also provide a reference for VTE prophylaxis, treatment and nursing.

Accepting video conferencing technology as an in-service training tool for health professionals

AbstractThis study investigates healthcare professionals’ acceptance of video conferences for in-service training in terms of performance expectancy and social influence. Furthermore, it attempts to determine which properties of video conferences influenced and predicted the adoption of video conferencing technology. We employed the cross-sectional survey research design, one of the descriptive research designs. The participants consisted of 181 physicians from a medical specialty society. To collect data, we used the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology-2 (UTAUT-2) scale. Findings revealed that being able to ask questions during the video conferences, not paying for participation, timing problems, and lack of social interaction predicted the acceptance of video conferences for in-service training regarding performance expectancy and social influence among physicians. This article offers practical recommendations for professionals to adopt and maximize the use of videoconferencing for in-service training. The findings of this study will shed light on future practices and studies regarding the use of video conferencing systems for in-service training by revealing the preferences of physicians and the factors affecting their acceptance behavior.

Mapping the distinct patterns of educational and social stratification in European countries

This article analyses how educational and initial vocational training systems in Europe vary regarding the way in which they structure educational routes for pupils of different academic ability. The study uses cluster analysis to explore the degree of similarity between 25 European countries, including variables related to: stratification within compulsory education; vocational orientation; links between initial vocational education and the labour market; transitions from secondary education; stratification within tertiary education; and links between educational qualifications and labour market outcomes. I identify three clusters of countries that have distinct patterns of stratification. This article contributes to the literature on educational regimes and school-to-work transitions by adding countries from Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and integrating multiple dimensions pertaining to the link between educational and social stratification. Thus, it develops a more encompassing representation of the architecture of educational pathways in different European countries.

Online continual decoding of streaming EEG signal with a balanced and informative memory buffer

Electroencephalography (EEG) based Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems play a significant role in facilitating how individuals with neurological impairments effectively interact with their environment. In real world applications of BCI system for clinical assistance and rehabilitation training, the EEG classifier often needs to learn on sequentially arriving subjects in an online manner. As patterns of EEG signals can be significantly different for different subjects, the EEG classifier can easily erase knowledge of learnt subjects after learning on later ones as it performs decoding in online streaming scenario, namely catastrophic forgetting. In this work, we tackle this problem with a memory-based approach, which considers the following conditions: (1) subjects arrive sequentially in an online manner, with no large scale dataset available for joint training beforehand, (2) data volume from the different subjects could be imbalanced, (3) decoding difficulty of the sequential streaming signal vary, (4) continual classification for a long time is required. This online sequential EEG decoding problem is more challenging than classic cross subject EEG decoding as there is no large-scale training data from the different subjects available beforehand. The proposed model keeps a small balanced memory buffer during sequential learning, with memory data dynamically selected based on joint consideration of data volume and informativeness. Furthermore, for the more general scenarios where subject identity is unknown to the EEG decoder, aka. subject agnostic scenario, we propose a kernel based subject shift detection method that identifies underlying subject changes on the fly in a computationally efficient manner. We develop challenging benchmarks of streaming EEG data from sequentially arriving subjects with both balanced and imbalanced data volumes, and performed extensive experiments with a detailed ablation study on the proposed model. The results show the effectiveness of our proposed approach, enabling the decoder to maintain performance on all previously seen subjects over a long period of sequential decoding. The model demonstrates the potential for real-world applications.

Feasibility of Computerized Visuomotor Integration System for Visual Field Defects and Spatial Neglect in Poststroke Patients.

To develop a computerized visuomotor integration system for assessment and training of visual perception impairments and evaluate its safety and feasibility in patients with a stroke. Visual field defects and spatial neglect lead to substantial poststroke impairment. Most diagnostic assessments are anchored in traditional methods, and clinical effects of rehabilitation treatments are limited. The CoTras Vision system included two evaluations and four training modules. The evaluation modules were based on the Albert's test and Star cancellation test, and training modules were based on visual tracking, central-peripheral integration, and visuomotor perception techniques. Bland-Altman plots for agreement with the traditional paper-and-pencil test were performed, and the modified Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire, and Simulator Sickness Questionnaire were conducted. Ten patients with acute stroke completed the study. Bland-Altman plots revealed good agreements for Albert's test (mean difference, -0.3±4.5) and Star cancellation test (mean difference, 0.3±0.7). The mean±standard deviation scores of the modified Intrinsic Motivation Inventory, Patient Satisfaction Survey, and Simulator Sickness Questionnaire were 84.7±30.6, 40.5±7.9, and 34.0±34.5 respectively. The CoTras Vision system is feasible and safe in patients with stroke. Most patients had a high degree of motivation to use the system and did not experience severe adverse events. Further studies are needed to confirm its usefulness in stroke patients with visual field defects and hemineglect symptoms. Furthermore, a large, well-designed, randomized controlled trial will be needed to confirm the treatment effect of the CoTras Vision system.

The Italian Way to the Europeanisation of Teacher Education: An Analysis of Reforms and the Ongoing Experience of Digital Transformation

The Covid-19 emergency compelled teachers to reshape their teaching approach. Teachers were able to better recognise technologies as a means of interaction and digital transformation as a driver for professional growth. The present paper addresses the Europeanisation of teacher education and professionalisation. This process, which recognises the specific histories and political cultures of national training systems while offering common categories of analysis, nowadays welcomes the challenge of the general digital transition. The aim of the paper is to focus on how the process of Europeanisation of teacher education in Italy is taking place. Two paths are proposed. The first is the presentation of a documentary review study of the latest ministerial reforms that interpret the European recommendations. The second is a description of the DidaSco continuous professional development programme at the University of Bari, which implements European recommendations and national directives through appropriate technological innovations, which have been made even more available since the pandemic. What emerges is the representation of a possible ‘Italian way’ to the Europeanisation of teacher training, as is being achieved through the opportunities of digital transformation.

The Construction of College‐enterprise Cooperation Training System for Improving College Students' Innovative and Practice Ability

With the continuous deepening of the country's reform and opening up, the country's science and technology and national economic level have been greatly developed. In terms of education, the government have put forward higher requirements. In addition, the government currently recommend that major universities in my country build a "school‐enterprise cooperation" talent training mechanism to improve the country's modernization and comprehensively improve our national cultural quality. Therefore, in this context, the article analyzes in detail the construction of the university‐enterprise cooperation training system for the improvement of college students' innovation and Practice ability. First, the article briefly outlines the significance of school‐enterprise cooperation in cultivating college students' innovative and Practice ability, secondly summarizes the current problems of China's school‐enterprise cooperation in cultivating college students' innovative and Practice ability, and finally puts forward several targeted strategies for the current problems. Improve the level of "school‐ enterprise cooperation" talent training mechanism in Chinese universities.

Perception and needs: a qualitative study on sense of job security among nurses in central and western China

AimsTo explore nurses’ perceptions of sense of job security and their needs to improve it.DesignA descriptive qualitative study employed an in-depth, in-person interview from February to April in 2021. The...

IMPLEMENTATION OF PRINCIPLES OF INDIVIDUALIZATION AND DIFFERENTIATION IN FOREIGN LANGUAGE CLASSES IN HIGH SCHOOL

The article examines the system and approaches of individualization and differentiation in the process of learning a foreign language in higher education. Determined factors that affect their functioning in the process of working in classes. Separate problems and ways to overcome them are analyzed. Certain opportunities for creating favorable conditions for the development of the creative potential of an individual, development of his thinking and understanding of the ultimate goal and task of learning a foreign language have been identified. Methods and techniques for increasing students’ cognitive activity in classes and strengthening their motivation are illustrated. The article examines the views of scientists N.P. Volkova, G.R. Havryshchak, O.M. Shparyk on individualization and differentiation as dominant and organic components of the educational process. Various approaches to the concepts of differentiation and individualization, as well as concepts related to them, are summarized. The works of these scientists became the theoretical and methodological basis of the conducted research. These principles help to find effective means for teaching a foreign language and learning it effectively. We must not forget that in higher education, the main influence on a student is his mood, curiosity, drive, concentration, surprise. The ability to stimulate the mental states we desire requires a process of individualization and differentiation of each student. A unique approach should be the whole system of education and training of the individual. This article describes the technology of implementing the abovementioned principles in English language classes in higher education. The use of internal differentiation for working in groups and the cluster method for strengthening the cognitive development of each individual when learning a foreign language in higher education are illustrated. The problem of a wide range of possibilities of these principles in the conditions of changes in the system of social relationships, rules of student behavior in the new realities of life is raised. Emphasis is placed on the importance of new requirements for the education system: flexibility, adaptability, feedback, quick response to changes in the social environment, cooperation with psychologists. Considered possible means of organizing students’ work in groups and individually, determined prospects for further research in this direction.

Enhancing Vocal Performance using Variational Onsager Neural Network and Optimized with Golden Search Optimization Algorithm

ABSTRACT The Singing Muscle Ability Training System (SMATS) represents a cutting-edge technological solution dedicated to honing an individual’s vocal prowess. By employing a sophisticated combination of techniques, exercises, and methodologies, this system strategically targets and cultivates the muscle groups integral to singing. In its innovative approach, SMATS integrates Artificial Intelligence (AI) to elevate vocal capabilities further. The proposed SMATS-AI-VONN-GSOA stands out by incorporating the Variational Onsager Neural Network (VONN) alongside the Golden Search Optimization Algorithm (GSOA). This amalgamation tailors training routines based on the user’s progress and preferences, emphasizing the development of muscle memory and control for enhanced vocal performance. Noteworthy is the system’s capacity to analyze data through AI, enabling the creation of personalized training plans. In comparative evaluations, the SMATS-AI-VONN-GSOA method demonstrates a significant performance boost, surpassing existing methods like SMATS-AI-CNN, SMATS-AI-DNN, and SMATS-AI-DNN-HSV by 26.78%, 29.55%, and 21.41% in accuracy, respectively.

A Retrospective of Specialized Psychological and Pedagogical Classes and Technology of their Practical Implementation in a Pedagogical University

The article provides a historical overview of the development of psychological and pedagogical classes, as well as the current state of the network of psychological and pedagogical classes in the Russian Federation. The importance of psychological and pedagogical classes in the system of pre-professional pedagogical training is shown. The purpose of the article is to analyze the retrospective of specialized psychological and pedagogical and to show the technology of their practical implementation in a pedagogical university. The main methods of this article are: content analysis of the concepts of “pre-professional pedagogical training” and “psychological and pedagogical class”, analysis of scientific and methodological literature, analysis of historical and pedagogical, normative and comparative sources, as well as the results of domestic and international studies of specialized pedagogical classes, their formation, specialization, features of manifestation in different regions and model specifics. The results of the study. It is revealed that the idea of creating specialized psychological and pedagogical classes is not new. The conducted historical and pedagogical analysis showed that pedagogical classes arose in the middle of the XIX century and are connected with the history of the formation of women’s education in Russia. Over more than a century of history, teaching classes have acquired new formats, been abolished several times and revived again. A new period in the history of specialized psychological and pedagogical classes began in 2021 with the adoption of the Concept of specialized psychological and pedagogical classes. The technology of practical implementation of the Concept of specialized psychological and pedagogical classes in a pedagogical university is shown on the example of one of the models. The experience of organizing psychological and pedagogical classes in the Voronezh region is analyzed. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn about the importance of psychological and pedagogical classes in the system of continuing pedagogical education, as well as the integration of pedagogically gifted schoolchildren into professional community at the stage of studying at school. Various model organizations in the educational practice of psychological and pedagogical classes contribute to increasing the status of a teacher, as evidenced by the practice of the Voronezh region on the example of the Voronezh State Pedagogical University.

Presence of Gastric Ulcers in Horses Used for Historical Races in Italy.

Equine Gastric Ulcers Syndrome (EGUS) is a worldwide disease present in equids of different breeds, activity levels, and age groups. It is divided into two different illnesses: Equine Squamous Gastric Disease (ESGD) affecting the squamous mucosa and Equine Glandular Gastric Disease (EGGD) affecting the glandular mucosa. The historical horserace is a traditional competition that is common in Italy. They can be divided into two different types: speed races and jousting tournaments. Anglo-Arabians and Thoroughbreds are used for the two competitions with training and management systems similar to those used in races performed on a racetrack. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ESGD and EGGD in horses used for historical horseracing and evaluate the differences in the presence of the diseases in animals of the two different breeds used for the two types of competition. A cohort of 73 horses was enrolled in this study, which were stabled in 10 training facilities and performed two jousting tournaments and one speed race. An ESGD at least of grade 2 was found in 88% of horses with all degrees of severity seen; EGGD was diagnosed in 45% of animals. In this cohort of horses, the presence and severity of ESGD and EGGD are similar to that in reports in racehorses performing on racetracks. Anglo-Arabians used for speed races are more affected by ESGD and EGGD, which is probably because they are involved in a higher number of races and travel more during the year compared to Thoroughbreds used for jousting competitions.

АВТОМАТИЧЕСКАЯ ОБУЧАЮЩАЯ СИСТЕМА КОМПЬЮТЕРНОГО ТРЕНАЖЕРА

One of the effective tools of a computer simulator is considered – an automatic training system (AOS) designed to train operators of technological installations on a simulator in an autonomous mode without the participation of an instructor

Generalization of graph-based active learning relaxation strategies across materials

Although density functional theory (DFT) has aided in accelerating the discovery of new materials, such calculations are computationally expensive, especially for high-throughput efforts. This has prompted an explosion in exploration of machine learning (ML) assisted techniques to improve the computational efficiency of DFT. In this study, we present a comprehensive investigation of the broader application of Finetuna, an active learning framework to accelerate structural relaxation in DFT with prior information from Open Catalyst Project pretrained graph neural networks. We explore the challenges associated with out-of-domain systems: alcohol ( C>2 ) on metal surfaces as larger adsorbates, metal oxides with spin polarization, and three-dimensional (3D) structures like zeolites and metal organic frameworks. By pre-training ML models on large datasets and fine-tuning the model along the simulation, we demonstrate the framework’s ability to conduct relaxations with fewer DFT calculations. Depending on the similarity of the test systems to the training systems, a more conservative querying strategy is applied. Our best-performing Finetuna strategy reduces the number of DFT single-point calculations by 80% for alcohols and 3D structures, and 42% for oxide systems.

Preparing England's further education system for zero-carbon construction skills

Skills issues for craft trades in building decarbonisation often focus on improving technical knowledge, but known problems of quality assurance in construction also include ‘soft’ employability skills, and the application of sustainability values in practice. New course content is a necessary but not sufficient component of changing practice. The real demand for skills and actual use of skills in the workplace are just as important as new skills supply. A deliberative workshop with 40 expert stakeholders investigated the preparedness of the education and training system for zero-carbon construction skills. Several challenges emerge from this research. The market context for jobs and skills training shows how the over-narrow focus on new courses leads to waste and failures. Policy has an important role to play in developing minimum vocational standards through licensing, allied to consistent, long-term industrial strategy. The low prestige of further education and vocational training hinders real skills development and recruitment and retention of the workforce. Colleges operate with limited resources and competing priorities, creating real constraints on important activities like teacher training. Short courses and continuing professional development have no common standards or link with initial education and training, leading to piecemeal learning of unknown quality.